Besides infection by pests and diseases, potato is also prone to many disorders of non-pathogenic origin. Such non-pathogenic origins are of an abiotic physiological nature resulting from interaction between the physiology of the growing tuber and its environment. They are generally referred to as physiological disorders.
Contrary to diseases they are not infectious and since they are not associated with a pathogen, there is not always a simple procedure to identify the cause of a disorder. The environmental causal factors of the disorders are all factors that influence growth such as temperature, water, minerals and soil conditions.
Avoidable and unaviodable factors
Some of them can be avoided such as taking care that no damage occurs during the operations in the field and post-harvest. These are hilling, hoeing, driving through the fields for spraying, at harvest and handling for store loading, unloading grading and packing. Some can hardly be avoided such as flooding, heat waves and frost. Disorders cause heavy losses of crops, occasionally leading to complete loss due to asphyxiation following excessive rain and flooding. Disorders can be divided into defects that can be seen from the outside so called external defects and those that can only be observed when the tuber is peeled or cut, i.e. internal disorders. They occur during growth, harvest, storage handling and during the shelf life of the tubers in the shop.
Internal brown spots or rust spots are groups of necrotic cells that do not contain pathogens. The physiological phenomenon takes place on light soils with favorable growing conditions. Where a growth spurt does not take place such as in subtropical winters the phenomenon does not take place.
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